TOPIC: 1. Covalent Bonding

SUBTOPIC: 11. Resonance

1. Draw the three important resonance structures for the following cation. Show lone pairs and formal charges.

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2. Complete the following acid-base reaction and write the five resonance structures of the product. Show all lone pairs and formal charges.

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3. Protonate the diene on C₄ and write three resonance structures for the product.

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4. Protonate the diene on C₄ and write three resonance structures for the product.

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5. Complete the following acid-base reaction and write the two resonance structures of the product.

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6. Draw all the additional resonance structures of the following radical.

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7. Draw all the additional resonance structures of the following radical.

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8. Write another good resonance structure for the following nitro alkene.

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9. Write two good resonance structures for the following compound.

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10. Explain by drawing a resonance structure of its anion why p-methoxybenzoic acid is a weaker acid than benzoic acid.

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