A small portion of the crystal lattice of zeolite A is shown superimposed
on a sample of laundry detergent (see Properties
of Zeolite A Obtained from Powdered Laundyr Detergent: An Undergraduate
Experiment by Smoot and Lindquist). The red spheres represent
oxygen atoms and the gray spheres represent either silicon or aluminum
atoms. When zeolite A is manufactured, the ratio of aluminum to silicon
can be varied. For each aluminum there is a corresponding Na+
ion somewhere in one of the open channels visible on the cover. Exchange
of these sodium ions for calcium or other ions is responsible for
the water-softening ability of zeolite A and hence for its presence in laundry detergents.
The molecular graphic was created by Randy Wildman.
The cover was designed by Betsy True.
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