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Michael S. Matta, Antony C. Wilbraham, and Dennis
D. Staley. D. C. Heath: Lexington, MA, 1996. ISBN
0-669-33309-3. xxxvi + 808 pp. Figs., tables, glossary, index
of health-related topics. $69.50.
Intended specifically for undergraduate majors
in health sciences, the primary aim of this text is to
prepare students to understand the chemistry of the living
cell. Each chapter begins with a chapter outline and a
chapter-opening "Case in Point", illustrating the connections
between the material to be studied and a relevant medical topic. In addition, each chapter includes one or more
illustrated essays on such topics as biomedical
implants, cisplatin, food irradiation, the greenhouse effect, lactose
intolerance, octane ratings of gasoline, DNA
fingerprinting, and drug strategies for reducing serum cholesterol. In
this sense, the text is attractive for a course restricted to
health sciences majors.
A sufficient number of worked examples are
included in the text; but the explanations are sketchy, with little
conceptual material, and the presentation of the
examples encourages students to memorize the equations and
setups and plug and chug their way through to the answers.
I found the explanations of concepts to be arduous and
in some cases inadequate to develop an understanding of
the reasons why things happen the way they do.
The authors focus on developing skills in
calculations and recall of definitions, but I would prefer to see
more focus on the why's. The explanations are briefperhaps
too short, and would likely be helped by the use of
diagrams and color clues in example calculations as appropriate.
I find our health sciences majors to be less fluent
and comfortable with anything involving calculations than,
certainly, our engineering or other sciences majors. Nurses
in particular, however, will be required to make
calculations of dosages and concentrations in patient care, and so
must not only be able to do the calculations correctly in class,
but to remember years from now how to do these same
calculations. This long-term memory will come from a
thorough understanding of "why". I find our kids are likely to
plug numbers into a calculator in random order, hoping to
get one result that matches one available as A, B, C, D, or E
on the exam question.
In patient care, this just doesn't work. The only
cure for this is to develop the conceptual understanding. In
my own research in cognitive profiles, I find health
sciences majors most often are sensory/emotional learners. They
are concrete learners who need to see, touch, smell, taste,
or hear things happen in order to "get" what's going on.
Lecture is least effective. These students also need to be
able to relate on a personal level with the content, and to
talk through the concepts in order to build the connections
they need. This book is reasonably effective in the regard of
personal connections, in that it includes asides relevant
to medical applications and everyday life. The students
also need a liberal dose of hands-on laboratory
experience, demonstrations, and cooperative work to develop
fluency in chemistry.
Perhaps the biggest drawback of this text is that
it is narrowly defined for health sciences majors. For
this reason I feel it is inappropriate as an introductory
course for a population that frequently also includes
education, graphics communications, social science, and
forestry majors as well.
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