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John McMurry and Mary E. Castellion. Prentice
Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996. xxvi + 813 pp. Figs.
and tables. ISBN 0-13-342288-7. $77.67.
This text, mainly intended as a general chemistry
text for students in health or life science related majors, does
a beautiful job of incorporating topics and examples to
which students can relate. Our chemistry and engineering
majors generally think in much the same way as we do,
approaching problems from a conceptual direction, finding
intuitive methods of solving problems unlike any they have
seen before, by application of the overall concept. They
prefer equations and mathematical approaches. The nursing
and other life science or agricultural majors, however, are
more often math phobic. They are more "people oriented", or
they wouldn't be in their major. They need to be able to
identify with the material on a personal level in order to build
understanding. This text accomplishes the task of
personifying chemistry by using such examples as medicinal
dosage administration in molarity calculations and
application asides and "Interludes" specific to medical and
agricultural uses. All students can relate to the time-release cold
capsules, gas in solution in a soft drink, and pH of
household products that the authors use to illustrate concepts.
The text is, above all, readable, without
sacrificing depth of content. Students without a strong background
in the sciences, or who have a perception of inability to
"do" science, need a strong text with clear examples and
illustrations on which they can lean heavily. This text
provides that comfort level and does not resort to the more usual
"I'm smarter than you are" terminology and vocabulary
these students find intimidating. The problem examples
are worked out in a straightforward fashion, going from
the word problem, to overt identification of known and
needed information as a first step in problem solution, on to
final solution without the undue length and complication
that students find confusing and intimidating. This helps
students who are not confident in "word problems" to build
the skills necessary to go on to solving similar but not
identical problems. This pattern of problem solving raises the
student from the pure recall level of knowledge to the
analysis and synthesis level, in a natural and comfortable
progression. Sample problems are followed immediately with
practice problems, to encourage immediate student
practice, rather than relegating practice only to a later time at
the end of the chapter. Pedagogically, this works for the
concrete learner who needs frequent reiteration and practice to
build the skills, rather than the whole concept and then
problem solving from the overarching concept.
Each chapter starts with a single clear statement
of direction and chapter goals. The students know what
they should be able to do when the chapter is finished,
which helps them to pull out for emphasis "what will be on
the test". The goals spell out specifically, in concrete
terms, exactly what the student needs to look for and learn,
and this guides the reading for the student. The text also
makes good use of color in illustrative diagrams. The
concrete learners in these majors will benefit from the clear conceptual diagrams and will be able to develop their level of
understanding without having to construct the mental
image independently.
I think what I liked most about this text is that
is does not overemphasize environmental issues in order
to make the chemistry seem more relevant to the
students. Chemistry does not have to depend on
environmentalist scare tactics in order to find relevance for
nonscience majors. There is also no need to water down the
content for life science majors. This text does neither.
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