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John Wiley: New York, 1996. ISBN 0-471-55514-2 (paper). $84.95.
Realizing, of course, that one is always remembered
for what is said or written first and last, let me start by
stating that Modern Techniques in
Electroanalysis is an extremely useful collection of excellently written reviews.
The various authors do a good job of defining terms and
explaining even the most routinely used techniques, so that
a novice, while not being able to grasp all concepts,
probably won't be driven off.
There is a heavy emphasis in several chapters on
various techniques for characterizing the electrode surfaces,
including solid-state, spectroscopic, and surface
(scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy) methods. This
does reflect a popular area of modern research, and
electrochemistry deals to a great extent with processes occurring at
interfaces. Stripping analysis for the determination of trace amounts of analytes is perhaps the "oldest and most
established" of the topics covered, but one that is still
proving useful (more in the applied than the fundamental arena
at this stage of the game). The chapter devoted to
automation of electrochemical instrumentation should prove useful
to a wide range of readers in both industry and academe.
As many of the authors correctly point out, electrochemical
detection appears to be going to smaller and smaller
volumes and/or electrodes, with electrochemistry at
microelectrodes now firmly established in both practice and theory.
The chapter on the theory of steady-state
microelectrode voltammetry partly addresses this trend, but I would
have liked to see more detailed discussion on the various
applications that use micro- (and even nm-) sized electrodes
to supplement the theory. Other topics include processes
occurring at liquidliquid junctions (in lieu of the more
classical liquidmetal processes) and a chapter devoted to
the simulation of electrochemical data.
Simulations of electrochemical experiments are,
of course, nothing new, dating back to the 1960s.
However, with the speed and power of desktop computers and
the availability of commercial simulation programs (if you
can afford them!), supercomputers and intensive
programming knowledge are no longer necessary to routinely use
these powerful techniques. One wonders whether actual
research will be necessary, given the pace of technological
improvements. However, though the simulation of such
phenomena as nuclear explosions instead of actual detonations is
highly desirable (for obvious reasons), mother nature still
has enough surprises that the experimentalist can breath
easily for a few more years (one hopes). Unless, of course,
one wishes to electrochemically detonate!
The text seems to focus on fairly well
established, though still modern, techniques, and I was disappointed
to see that newer techniques such as scanning
electrochemical microscopy were not covered, or only briefly
mentioned as applications of a specific topic (e.g., as an application
of steady-state voltammetry at microelectrodes). Also,
surface attachment of electroactive molecules or mediators
(e.g., enzymes) to electrodes and the coupling of
electrochemical systems with techniques such as capillary
electrophoresis or quartz crystalline microbalance technology are
given little mention. However, as the editor sagely states in
the introduction, "There are some contemporary topics
missing from the book. In today's busy world the authors for
chapters are not easy to find"how true.
As a reference resource for classroom instruction,
I think the book will be very useful. I found the section
on scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy
especially insightful. However, I question the usefulness of this as
a class text, unless one is teaching a graduate-level
survey course of the more "modern" electroanalytical
techniques. Although most of the information will not be found in
texts such as Bard and Faulkner's Electrochemical
Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, the reviewed text does
not cover the range or depth of materials needed to instruct
students in the fundamentals of electroanalytical chemistry.
In conclusion, this is an excellent series of reviews
that both educators and researchers should find useful.
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