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Saunders
College Publishing: New York, 1996. xix + 848 pp. Figs.
and tables. ISBN: 0030059046. $91.
Like some classical music FM radio stations, Oxtoby
and Nachtrieb play to a select audience. This is a general
chemistry text designed for chemistry majors with at least
some preknowledge of calculus. It presumes a rather strong
chemistry background, condensing fundamentals and
presenting them generally much earlier than other texts. Before
Chapter 1 is completed, students will have used Avogadro's
number, empirical formulas and percent composition,
balancing by inspection, mass relationships, limiting reactants, and
percent yields in chemical reactions. All this in the first 36 pages.
John Moore (Editorial, J. Chem.
Educ. 1997, 74, 253) opines that many students are bored with college
chemistry courses because they are largely a rehash of their high
school courses. If this is correct, Oxtoby would hardly be
expected to be boring.
The chapter order and content is nonconventional.
Equilibrium is discussed in Chapter 5 (of 23 overall), while
chemical bonding waits until Chapter 14. Chapter 15, "The
Interaction of Light with Molecules", covers both
photochemistry and spectroscopy; Chapter 18, "Chemistry Processes",
is largely industrial chemistry; Chapter 19, "The
Lithosphere", is essentially geochemistry and metallurgy; and Chapter
20, "Ceramics and Semiconductors", might be classified as
material science. The book concludes with three
descriptive chapters on the metals, organic chemistry, and polymers.
The presumption must be that if so much fundamental
chemistry is compressed into the earlier chapters, material not
usually emphasized in general chemistry texts can find its
way into later ones.
Advanced treatment of topics abounds. The
LennardJones potential expression is included in the discussion of
intermolecular forces in Chapter 3, "The Gaseous State".
Four text pages, part of a recurring feature section called "A
Deeper Look", are devoted to solving for hydronium ion
concentrations in very weak or very dilute solutions.
Practical applications of calculus occur often - in a presentation of the
Carnot cycle in Chapter 8, and throughout Chapters 9,
"Spontaneous Change and Equilibrium", and 11,
"Chemical Kinetics".
It should be noted that Sections 4 and 5 of Appendix
C, titled, respectively, "Slopes of Curves and Derivatives"
and "Areas under Curves and Integrals", present a good
introduction to calculus, even including several problems with answers.
Advanced treatment of topics continues with
Chapter 13, "Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure",
the Schrödinger equation in Chapter 14, spectroscopy in
Chapter 15, ligand field theory in Chapter 16, lattice energies
of solids in Chapter 17, and band theory in Chapter 20.
Throughout all this, an effort has been made to
mainstream the text. The ancillary package for students and
instructor is competitive; 1665 end-of-chapter problems of
all sorts and complexities are present; additional multipart
practice exercises and "Concepts and Skills" questions
precede each problem section; and there are 169 solved in-chapter
exercises. The writing is concise and even entertaining at
times. For example (p 578), "In nuclear magnetic resonance
spectroscopy, low-energy radio waves (photons carrying
energies between 0.00002 and 0.00020 kJ
mol-1 'tickle' the nuclei in a molecule."
While moving rapidly and to greater heights,
Oxtoby's text shows efforts to remain traditional and warrants
attention in the general chemistry market today. But Oxtoby
finds the majority of its adoptions in honors course and by
prestigious institutions. It might be recommended at this time
of curricular change in general chemistry to give it and its
approach a good long second look.
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