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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 1999  > January  >
In the Classroom
Animating Reactions: A Low-Cost Activity for Particle Conceptualization at the Secondary Level
Robert W. Milne
University of Northern Colorado, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Greeley, CO 80639
Cover
January 1999
Vol. 76 No. 1
p. 50
Abstract
Conceptualizations of matter at the particle level are fundamental to helping students understand chemical phenomena. Conventionally, secondary students represent the particles in a reaction symbolically to facilitate this static conceptualization of chemical phenomena. Computer and video technology have also been used to animate reactions, demonstrating particulate behavior at a higher cost than is traditionally feasible at the secondary level. This article describes a low-cost activity designed to help students at the secondary level visualize both the kinetic and the stoichiometric nature of chemical reactions at the particle level. Directions are given for constructing animations using the visual medium commonly known as a flip book. Also discussed are some chemistry concepts fundamental at the secondary level which might be addressed using this activity: stoichiometry, solvation, limiting reagents, and kinetics. This activity is presented as an open-ended medium that might be adapted to many more topics than those discussed here.
More Information
*  Citation
 Milne, Robert W. J. Chem. Educ. 1999 76 50.
*  Keywords
 Introductory / High School Chemistry; Teaching / Learning Aids; Atomic Properties / Structure; Stoichiometry
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 June 15, 1999
June 22, 2005
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