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It is difficult to explain to students why the experimental values of pH usually do not agree with theoretical values. Students are taught that the pH of pure water is 7, but the measurement of a sample of distilled water usually gives pH values from 5.5-6.0. In addition, students learn that the ionization of a strong acid determines the pH of an aqueous solution and they cannot distinguish the cases in which ionization of water is significant. Fields of pH was developed to help students overcome such difficulties. The program helps students understand:
- What happens to the pH when an acid (or base) solution is diluted?
- What parameters influence the pH of dilute solutions?
- Why is the pH of distilled water not 7?
- How does temperature effect pH?

A screen from Fields of pH.
Fields of pH is designed to complement the instructor's lessons. It is simple for students to use and allows them to investigate on their own. The program considers only concentration and not activity.
Hardware and Software Requirements
Computer: Windows Compatible
CPU: 80486 or higher
RAM: ³ 16 MB
Drives: Hard Drive, CD-ROM drive
Graphics: ³256 colors, 640 x 480
Operating System: Windows 95 or Windows 98
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