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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 1999  > November  >
In the Classroom
Phosphate Buffers and Telephone Poles - A Useful Analogy with Limitations
Edwin S. Gould
Department of Chemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
Cover
November 1999
Vol. 76 No. 11
p. 1511
Abstract
A visual aid is presented to help general chemistry students establish the major phosphorus species in buffer solutions made from partial neutralizations of phosphoric acid and to estimate concentrations. The representation is applicable to the pH regions near pK1 and pK2 and to concentrated solutions near pKa, but not to dilute solutions near pKa.

See Letter re: this article.
More Information
*  Citation
 Gould, Edwin S. J. Chem. Educ. 1999 76 1511.
*  Keywords
 General Chemistry; Aqueous Solution Chemistry; Solutions / Solvents; Teaching / Learning Aids; Phosphorus
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 October 12, 1999
June 23, 2005
Link to Letter added (April 2004).
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