Most freshman chemistry textbooks include a figure illustrating the relationship between spinning electrons and the resultant magnetic field. However, some textbooks predict the direction of the magnetic moment using the left-hand rule, while others incorrectly use the right-hand rule. An examination of textbooks published during the last four decades reveals that reversal of the direction of the resultant magnetic field accompanied the introduction of these figures into freshman chemistry textbooks about 20 years ago. Since then, these illustrations have become increasingly popular; and while the error persists, its rate of occurrence has declined until most current textbooks have the direction of the magnetic field produced by a spinning electron correct.
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Citation
Vincent, John B. J. Chem. Educ.1999 76 1460.
Keywords
History / Philosophy; Magnetic Properties; Textbooks; Writing in Chemistry
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