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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2000  > September  >
Chemistry for Everyone
Products of Chemistry
The Influence of Solidification Techniques on the History of Material Culture
Norman E. Shank
Department of Natural Sciences, Messiah College, Grantham, PA 17027
Cover
September 2000
Vol. 77 No. 9
p. 1133
Abstract
Most advances in material culture have occurred when people discover a new way to take some raw material from the natural environment, make it into a fluid for easy shaping, and then convert it into a rigid solid for durability and usefulness. The fluid-to-solid conversion is critical for this technology. In some cases it involves a physical change; in other cases a chemical change. When the change is physical, the solid material is easily returned to the fluid state for recycling. This article describes three methods of solidification that have major importance in the material culture of today. Each method is illustrated with a survey of the history and chemistry of two or three classes of materials commonly used for manufacture and construction.
More Information
*  Citation
 Shank, Norman E. J. Chem. Educ. 2000 77 1133.
*  Keywords
 Clays / Clay Chemistry; History / Philosophy; Materials Science; Phase Transitions / Diagrams; Plastics; Solids; Public Understanding
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 August 29, 2000
June 22, 2005
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