The commonly described reaction of maleic anhydride and cyclopentadiene generates a Diels-Alder product in accord with the endo rule. Replacing the dienophile with maleic acid or fumaric acid (with modified reaction conditions) allows students to discover or verify that the Diels-Alder reaction is stereospecific with respect to the stereochemistry of the alkene. The recording of NMR spectra is a particularly useful means of establishing cis-trans stereochemistry (symmetry) of the products.
Supplement
Instructor's notes, detail for the procedure and interpretation of the spectra, and some sample spectra are available.
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