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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2002  > February  >
In the Laboratory
The Electrophilic Bromination of Toluene: Determination of the Ortho, Meta, and Para Ratios by Quantitative FTIR Spectrometry
Ross E. Smith IV, James R. McKee, and Murray Zanger
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4495
Cover
February 2002
Vol. 79 No. 2
p. 227
Abstract
The bromination of toluene is used to illustrate the principles of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The products of the microscale synthesis are analyzed using quantitative IR spectroscopy. The experiment is simple to carry out and gives an accurate analysis of the ortho-, meta-, and para-bromotoluenes in the product mixture. The relative reactivities of the ortho, meta, and para protons can also be calculated.
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Detailed instructions for this experiment are available.
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*  Citation
 Smith, Ross E., IV; McKee, James R.; Zanger, Murray. J. Chem. Educ. 2002 79 227.
*  Keywords
 Analytical Chemistry; Instrumental Methods; IR Spectroscopy; Laboratory Instruction; Microscale; Organic Chemistry; Organic Synthesis; Quantitative Analysis
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 January 2, 2002
March 16, 2005
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