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Chemistry departments today increasingly have significant materials components.
Faculty and research groups are labeled "materials chemists"—hybrids
of the four traditional subsections of organic, analytical, physical, and
inorganic chemistry. Consequently, those interested in materials chemistry
often need to incorporate materials topics into their regular courses or
are forced to develop a materials-based curriculum by bringing together
content from several different sources to cover the vast scope of this area.
Gersten and Smith elegantly address the latter issue with their comprehensive
text, The Physics and Chemistry of Materials.
The authors have assembled
an extensive collection of subjects and present them in a logical and systematic
fashion. The text is divided into five sections, beginning with a chapter
on the structures of materials. This section is clearly intended to promote
and develop an understanding of structure–property relationships, an idea
not often well developed in a single text. A physical properties section
follows, again with an emphasis on how the structures are responsible for
what is observed. Interestingly, the properties are presented prior to the
third section on classes of materials. I found this order helpful as phenomena
were described in detail and then exemplified. An excellent section
on surface properties follows, encompassing thin films, multilayers, and
interfaces.
Synthesis and processing close the text, with heavy emphasis on industrially
relevant and thermodynamically favored systems. The book does not contain
an extensive treatment of characterization, but 102 additional pages on
this topic are available on the companion Web site.
Noteworthy sections
of particular interest to chemists include a very physical treatment of
polymers, a section on thin films, and an excellent resource for the mechanical
properties of materials, topics not widely available in chemistry texts.
With the vast range of subject matter included in this text, I was indeed
surprised to find hydrothermal chemistry largely overlooked. Considering
the scope of materials produced in this fashion such as zeolites (although
these do merit a brief section) and metal–organic frameworks, I found a
discussion of their syntheses to be notably absent, partly because I was
hoping to find this topic treated as rigorously as some others in the book!
A
caveat concerning use of this book, meant more as an observation than
a criticism: the level of material is likely to be too advanced for even
senior undergraduates. Rigorous mathematical treatment is the norm for most
sections. Students without a strong mathematics (and physics) background
will probably struggle. Further, much of the content should not be regarded
as an introduction, but rather as a precursor to a detailed treatment of
the properties of materials. A notable example of this is Chapter One, "The
Structure of Crystals", where students would likely have trouble grasping
the basics of Bravais lattices, Miller indices, and representative structure
types from the presentation. The authors address this concern with an excellent
Web-based companion to the text. Although this supplement is an enormous
resource (perhaps the largest commitment to a Web component of a text that
I have seen), the material contained therein serves more for additional
details, not as an introduction. This stressed to me that students should
ideally have a significant grasp of the fundamentals in order to harness
the full potential of this book.
In summary, this is an excellent text for
advanced students and an excellent reference for more experienced chemists
who want to improve their understanding of the physics of materials. Its
range of coverage with an emphasis of developing a physical basis for the
understanding of materials' properties is certainly unmatched.
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