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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2003  > August  >
Research: Science and Education
Ionization Energies of Atoms and Atomic Ions
Peter F. Lang and Barry C. Smith
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Birkbeck College (University of London), London WC1E 7HX, England
Cover
August 2003
Vol. 80 No. 8
p. 938
Abstract
Less familiar aspects of ionization energies of atoms and atomic ions from s, p, d, and f blocks of the periodic table are discussed. Apparent irregularities in the first and second ionization energies of transition metals and rare earth metals are explained in terms of electronic configurations of the ground states. A semiquantitative treatment of pairing, exchange, and orbital energies accounts for discontinuities at half-filled p, d, and f electron shells and the resulting zigzag patterns.
More Information
*  Citation
 Lang, Peter F.; Smith, Barry C. J. Chem. Educ. 2003 80 938.
*  Keywords
 Atomic Properties / Structure; General Chemistry; Main-Group Elements; Periodicity / Periodic Table; Transition Elements
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 June 30, 2003
February 28, 2005
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