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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2006  > January  >
Research: Science and Education
The Binary Temperature–Composition Phase Diagram
Philip C. Sanders, James H. Reeves, and Michael Messina
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403
Cover
January 2006
Vol. 83 No. 1
p. 150
Abstract
In this article we derive equations for a binary liquid temperature–composition phase diagram. We derive these equations based on the approximations that ΔHvap of the two liquids are the same and the mixture is ideal. These approximations lead to a simple set of equations for the liquid and gas lines in the phase diagram that can be plotted using a hand calculator. The derivation is simple enough to be presented in an undergraduate physical chemistry course on thermodynamics. We also analyze the resulting equations and show how the phase diagram is affected by both the difference in boiling points between the two liquids and ΔHvap of the liquids. We finally, derive an equation that predicts the number of theoretical plates needed to distill the mixture to a desired purity of one of the components. We present numerical results for two representative binary liquid mixtures.
More Information
*  Citation
 Sanders, Philip C.; Reeves, James H.; Messina, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 2006 83 150.
*  Keywords
 Gases; Liquids; Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams; Physical Chemistry; Textbooks / Reference Books; Thermodynamics; Upper-Division Undergraduate
*  History
 Created:
Last Updated:		 12/1/2005
12/7/2005
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