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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2007  > April  >
In the Laboratory
Cost-Effective Teacher
Small-Scale and Low-Cost Electrodes for "Standard" Reduction Potential Measurements
Per-Odd Eggen and Lise Kvittingen
Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway

Truls Grønneberg
Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway

Cover
April 2007
Vol. 84 No. 4
p. 671

Abstract
This article describes how to construct three simple and inexpensive electrodes: a hydrogen, a chlorine, and a copper electrode. The copper electrode is applied as a reference electrode for the reduction potential measurements and is calibrated against the "standard" hydrogen electrode. These small-scale (microchemistry) electrodes can be used in secondary school courses as well as a first-year course at college or university.
More Information
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Citation
Eggen, Per-Odd; Grønneberg, Truls; Kvittingen, Lise. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 671.
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Keywords
Electrochemistry; Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials; First-Year Undergraduate / General; Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives; High School / Introductory Chemistry; Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus; Laboratory Instruction; Microscale Lab; Student-Centered Learning
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History
Created:
Last Updated:
3/6/2007
3/6/2007
 Caution! 
Experiments, laboratory exercises, lecture demonstrations, and other descriptions of the use of chemicals, apparatus, instruments, computers, and computer interfaces are presented in the Journal of Chemical Education as illustrative of new or improved ideas or concepts in chemistry instruction and are directed at qualified teachers. Although every effort is made to assure and encourage safe practices and safe use of chemicals, the Journal of Chemical Education cannot assume responsibility for uses made of its published materials. Many chemicals are hazardous. Precautions for the safe use of hazardous chemicals and directions for their proper disposal are described in the Material Safety Data Sheets and on the labels. We strongly urge all those planning to use materials from our pages to make choices and to develop procedures for laboratory and classroom safety in accordance with local needs and situations.
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