With impacts (sudden blows) an increasing aspect of many sports, ever more effort is being put into developing modern body armor (protective equipment) using various types and forms of polymers. This article describes some aspects of the design and testing of helmets. A helmet's outer shell provides the impact resistance to failure (not breaking upon impact) and the inner lining provides the impact attenuation (bringing the head to a more gradual stop). Two relevant classroom activities test different polymers for these essential considerations of helmet construction.
Two activities where students perform impact tests on possible materials for use in the outer shells and inner linings of helmets. Includes instructor notes and data tables for students.
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