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  Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues > 2008  > October  >
In the Classroom
JCE DigiDemos: Tested Demonstrations
Fog Machines, Vapors, and Phase Diagrams
Ed Vitz
Department of Physical Sciences, Kutztown University, Kutztown, PA 19530

checked by Kenneth S. Lyle
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708

Cover
October 2008
Vol. 85 No. 10
p. 1385

Abstract
A series of demonstrations is described that elucidate the operation of commercial fog machines by using common laboratory equipment and supplies. The formation of fogs, or "mixing clouds", is discussed in terms of the phase diagram for water and other chemical principles. The demonstrations can be adapted for presentation suitable for elementary through tertiary levels.
Supplement
Boiling point and vapor pressure of glycerine–water solutions; Vapor pressure of pure glycerine
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Contents
More Information
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Citation
Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1385.
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Keywords
Demonstrations; Elementary / Middle School Science; First-Year Undergraduate / General; General Public; Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives; High School / Introductory Chemistry; Liquids; Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams; Physical Chemistry; Physical Properties; Upper-Division Undergraduate; Water / Water Chemistry
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History
Created:
Last Updated:
8/27/2008
9/5/2008
 Caution! 
Experiments, laboratory exercises, lecture demonstrations, and other descriptions of the use of chemicals, apparatus, instruments, computers, and computer interfaces are presented in the Journal of Chemical Education as illustrative of new or improved ideas or concepts in chemistry instruction and are directed at qualified teachers. Although every effort is made to assure and encourage safe practices and safe use of chemicals, the Journal of Chemical Education cannot assume responsibility for uses made of its published materials. Many chemicals are hazardous. Precautions for the safe use of hazardous chemicals and directions for their proper disposal are described in the Material Safety Data Sheets and on the labels. We strongly urge all those planning to use materials from our pages to make choices and to develop procedures for laboratory and classroom safety in accordance with local needs and situations.
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